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There are also several other effective treatments for depression which do not involve medications or may be used in conjunction with medications. Most research on whether antidepressant drugs work is done on people with very severe symptoms, a population who exhibits much weaker placebo responses, so the results cannot be extrapolated to the general population. There is debate in the medical community about how much of the observed effects of antidepressants can be attributed to the placebo effect, with some claiming that there is no effect above and beyond it. The twenty-one most commonly prescribed antidepressant medications are more effective than placebo for the short-term (acute) treatments of adults with major depressive disorder. Evidence of benefit in children and adolescents is unclear. Some research into the effectiveness of antidepressants for depression in adults find benefit while other does not. A discontinuation syndrome can occur after stopping any antidepressant which resembles recurrent depression. There is a slight increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior when taken by children, adolescents, and young adults. Common side-effects of antidepressants include dry mouth, weight gain, dizziness, headaches, sexual dysfunction, and emotional blunting.

The skeletal structure of the SNRI venlafaxine, a typical example of an antidepressant.Īntidepressants are a class of medication used to treat major depressive disorder, some anxiety disorders, some chronic pain conditions, and to help manage some addictions.